Rape / Sexual Assault

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USDOJ, National Crime Victims' Rights - Rape and Sexual Assault Survey 2005

Sexual Assault of Young Children as Reported to Law Enforcement, 7/00, NCJ 182990, USDOJ: Complete report

• Nearly all forcible rapes (99%) involved female victims.

• Females were the large majority of victims in incidents of forcible fondling (82%).

• In the later juvenile years (ages 14 to 17), the female victimization rates are at least 10 times greater than the male rates for similar age groups.

• Overall, 23% of sexual assault offenders were under the 18 and 77% were adults.

• Nearly all the offenders in sexual assaults reported to law enforcement were male (96%).

• Most (70%) of the sexual assaults reported to law enforcement occurred in the residence of the victim, the offender, or the residence of another individual. Young victims were generally more likely to be victimized in a residence than were older victims. The age of the victim was strongly relate to where the assault occurred.

• The year in a male's life when he is most likely to be the victim of a sexual assault is age 4.

• The risk of being the victim of forcible rape increased dramatically form age 10 to age 14, where it peaked.

• Over two-thirds (67%) of all victims of sexual assault reported to law enforcement agencies, were juveniles (under the age fo 18 at the time of the crime). More than half of all juvenile victims were under age 12. That is, 33% of all victims of sexual assault reported to law enforcement were ages 12 through 17 and 34% were under age 12. Most disturbing is that one of every seven victims of sexual assault ( or 14% of all victims) reported to law enforcement agencies were under age 6.

• The temporal pattern for the sexual assaults of very young victims, children under age 6, was quite different. For these young victims, the temporal distribution appears to be a combination of two separate distributions. The primary temporal pattern for these crimes has a peak in the 3 p.m. hour. This is also the hour other research has found to be the period when juveniles are most likely to be the victims of violent crime in general (Snyder and Sickmund, 1999). The secondary temporal pattern for the sexual assaults of very young children shows the hours of 8 a.m., noon , and 6 p.m. (traditional meal times) to be periods when the number of sexual assaults of very young victims spike. The temperal patterns of sexual assault of youth ages 6 through 11, and juveniles ages 12 through 17, appear to be a combination of patterns of the very young, and the adult victims. These temporal distribution combine the after-school and mealtime hours patterns of very young victims and the temporal patterns of sexual assault for adults.

National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS):
• About 80% of rape victims were under age 30--about 1/2 of these were under age 18. Victims younger than 12 accounted for 15% of those raped, and another 29% of rape victims were between 12 and 17.

• For nearly 90% of the youngest victims of rape, those younger than 12, the offender was someone known to them.

• Just over 40% of the rapists were age 30 or older, while 1 in 8 was under age 18. In 9 out of 10 rapes in which the offender was under 18, so was the victim.

National Crime Victimization Survey, Bureau of Justice Statistics, U.S. DOJ, 1997:
• In 1996, 307,000 women were the victim of rape, attempted rape or sexual assault.

• Between 1995 and 1996, more than 670,000 women were the victim of rape, attempted rape or sexual assault.

• In 1996, only 31% of rapes and sexual assaults were reported to law enforcement officials - less than one in every three.

Violence Against Women, Bureau of Justice Statistics, U.S. DOJ, 1994:
• Approximately 68% of rape victims knew their assailant.

• Approximately 28% of victims are raped by husbands or boyfriends, 35% by acquaintances, and 5% by other relatives.

• One of every four rapes take place in a public area or in a parking garage.

• 29% of female victims reported that the offender was a stranger.

• 68% of rapes occur between the hours of 6 p.m. and 6 a.m.

• At least 45% of rapists were under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

• In 29% of rapes, the offender used a weapon.

• In 47% of rapes, the victim sustained injuries other than rape injuries.

• 75% of female rape victims require medical care after the attack.

• Somewhere in America, a woman is raped every 2 minutes.

• About 81% of rape victims are white; 18% are black; 1% are of other races.

National Crime Victimization Survey, Bureau of Justice Statistics, U.S. DOJ, 1996:
• While 9 out of 10 rape victims are women, men and boys are also victimized by this crime. In 1995, 32,130 males age 12 and older were victims of rape, attempted rape or sexual assault.

• Teens 16 to 19 were three and one-half times more likely than the general population to be victims of rape, attempted rape or sexual assault.

• Those with a household income under $7,500 were twice as likely as the general population to be victims of a sexual assault.

Various Other Resources:
• 4 in 10 child victims of violence suffered either a forcible rape or another injury.
- BJS Survey of State Prison Inmates, 1991

• 94% of child rape victims under the age of 12 were abused by a family member or an acquaintance/friend.
- The Arizona Rep. 3/30/97

• In 1995, local child protective service agencies identified 126,000 children who were victims of either substantiated or indicated sexual abuse; of these, 75% were girls. Nearly 30% of child victims were between the ages of 4 and 7.
- Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Child Maltreatment, 1995

• Approximately one-third of all juvenile victims of sexual abuse cases are children younger than 6 years of age.
- Violence and the Family; Report of the American Psychological Association Presidential Task Force on Violence and the Family, 1996

• According to the Justice Department, one in two rape victims is under age 18; one in six is under age 12.
- Child Rape Victims, 1992, U.S. Department of Justice

• Other Rape Statistics